JNTUH B.Tech Applied Physics Important Questions Unit Wise

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JNTUH B.Tech Applied Physics Study Materials/Notes

JNTUH Applied Physics Important Short, Long Answer Questions & Objective Bits For Mid Exams

JNTUH B.Tech Applied Physics Important Questions Unit Wise

Unit -1

Unit - 2

Unit - 3

Unit - 4

Unit - 5
 
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UNIT-I : QUANTUM MECHANICS

Unit 1 - SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Explain Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.

2. Give physical significance of wave function.

3. Explain de-Broglie hypothesis.

4. Calculate de-Broglie wavelength of 5Kev neutron. Given mass of the neutron is 1.675x10-27 kg

5. What are matter waves? Obtain an expression for the wavelength of matter waves.

6. Explain the difference between a matter wave and an electromagnetic wave.

7. Explain the properties of matter waves.

8. Derive time independent Schrodinger’s wave equation for a free particle.

9. Write a note on E-K curve.

10. Show that the wavelength λ associated with an electron of mass ‘m’ and kinetic energy ’E’ is given by λ=h/√2mE

11. Distinguish between metals, semiconductors and insulators.

12. Define Photoelectric effect?

13. Find the de-Broglie wavelength of a neutron of energy 12.8MeV.

14. Explain Born’s interpretation of a wavefunction.

15. Write a short note on Compton effect?

Unit 1 - LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Explain Planck’s hypothesis and radiation law for black body radiation.

2. Describe the Davisson and Germer’s experiment and explain how it enabled the verification of wave nature of matter.

3. Describe the theory of one dimensional particle in a box.

4. Derive an expression for Schrodinger’s time independent wave equation. Explain the significance of a wave function.

5. Explain the concept of wave-particle duality and obtain an expression for the wavelength of matter waves.

6. Derive eigen values and eigen functions for a particle in one dimensional box.

7. a) Explain the de Broglie’s hypothesis.
b)State and explain Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.

8. What is Photoelectric effect? Explain Photoelectric effect and obtain its Work Function.

9. State and explain Compton Effect.

10. Derive an expression to calculate Planck’s radiation Law

11. What are matter waves? Describe an experiment to prove the existence of matter waves.

12. Obtain an expression for Compton shift.

13. Explain the duality of matter waves from the inferences drawn from photo electric effect and Davisson and Germer’s experiment.

14. Explain in detail the experiment which establishes the relationship between momentum and wavelength of a moving particle.

15. Define wave function. What is mean by normalized wave function? Explain
 
UNIT-II : SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS

Unit 2 - SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.

2. Explain the energy diagram of a p-n junction diode.

3. Explain the formation of p-n junction. 4. What is the transistor? Why is it so called?

5. Derive an expression for the density of holes in the valence band of an intrinsic semiconductor.

6. Derive an expression for density of electrons in intrinsic semiconductor.

7. Explain the variation of Fermi level with temperature in the case of p-type semiconductors.

8. Explain the variation of Fermi level with temperature in the case of n-type semiconductors

9. Write a short note on open circuit p-n junction. 10. Write a short note on Zener diode?

11. Show that for n type semiconductor the hall coefficient is 1/ne?

12. Write any three applications of hall effect?

13. Describe drift current in semiconductors? 1

4. Describe diffusion current in semiconductors?

15. Explain VI characteristics of zener diode.

Unit 2 - LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1.
a) Derive the Fermi level in the context of intrinsic semiconductor and derive an expression for it.
b) Explain the formation of p-n junction.

2. Calculate the carrier concentration in an n-type of semiconductor.

3.
a) Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors.
b) Explain the IV characteristics of pn junction diode.

4.
a) Calculate the carrier concentration in p-type of semiconductor.
b) Explain the variation of Fermi level with acceptor concentration in p-type semiconductors.

5. State the expression for the density of electrons and holes in an intrinsic semiconductor.

6. Show that the Fermi level is nearer to the conduction band in a n-type semi conductor. Discuss the variation of conductivity with temperature of an n-type semiconductor.

7. Explain the working of Zener diode.

8. What is bipolar junction transistor? Explain the Construction and working of BJT.

9. State and explain Hall effect.

10. Explain the principle and operation of pnp transistor.

11. Describe the drift and diffusion current in a semiconductor.

12. Derive an expression for intrinsic carrier concentration.

13. Explain the effect of doping concentration and temperature on Fermi energy level in p type and n type semiconductors.

14. Explain the operational principle of npn transistor.

15. Derive an expression for hall coefficient and write its applications?
 
UNIT-III OPTOELECTRONICS :

Unit 3 - SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. What is radiative recombination?

2. What is non radiative recombination?

3. Write the differences between radiative and non radiative recombination's.

4. Discuss the advantages of LED.

5. Write the disadvantages of homojunction semiconductor laser. 6. Define Photoconductive mode. 7. Discuss the I-V characteristics of Solar cell.

8. Write the differences between Zener diode and Avalanche diode. 9. Discuss the Characteristics of PIN diode. 10. What is Avalanche breakdown? explain?

11. Write the advantages of heterojunction semiconductor laser?

12. Calculate the wavelength of emission from a laser whose energy gap is 1.86eV.

13. Discuss the characteristics and applications of solar cell?

14. Mention the difference between led and pn junction diode?

15. Write the difference between photoconductive and photovoltaic mode?

Unit 3 - LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:

1. Explain the construction and working of light emitting diode.

2. What is solar cell? Explain the construction and working of solar cell.

3. What is semi conductor laser? Explain Homo junction and hetero junction semiconductor lasers.

4. What is a PIN diode? Explain construction and characteristics of PIN diode.

5. Discuss the construction and working of Avalanche diode.

6. What are semiconductor photo detectors? Explain the construction and working of any photo detector.

7. Explain the construction and discuss the IV characteristics of solar cell.

8. Give a brief note on principle, construction and working of an LED. What are its advantages and disadvantages?

9. What are radiative and nonradiative recombination mechanisms in semiconductors? Explain.

10. Describe the principle construction and working of a hetero junction semiconductor laser.

11. Explain the construction and working of homo junction semiconductor laser.

12. Discuss the IV characteristics and applications of solar cell?

13. Explain the difference between led and pn junction diode?

14. What is Avalanche breakdown? explain?

15. What is LED? Explain the construction and working of light emitting diode.
 
UNIT-IV LASERS & FIBER OPTICS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Explain the terms
a) Stimulated Absorption
b) Stimulated Emission

2. Distinguish between spontaneous and stimulated emission.

3. Give some applications of lasers in medical applications.

4. Write notes on
(i) Spontaneous Emission
(ii) Population Inversion

5. Discuss the characteristics of laser radiation.

6. Describe the principle of laser action.

7. Mention some important applications of lasers.

8. Define the terms numerical aperture and acceptance cone.

9. Explain briefly the basic principle of optical fiber.

10. What are different losses in optical fibers?

11. Explain the advantages of optical fibers in communication.

12. Distinguish between single mode and multimode step index optical fibers.

13. Explain the applications of fibers in medicine and as sensors.

14. Describe the fiber construction.

15. What is total internal reflection? Discuss its importance in optical fiber.

16. Explain how the signal transmits through graded index fiber.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Explain the terms
a) Stimulated Absorption
b) Stimulated Emission
c) Spontaneous Emission
d) Population Inversion

2. Derive the relation between the probabilities of spontaneous emission and stimulated emission in terms of Einstein’s coefficients.

3. With neat diagrams, describe the construction and action of ruby laser.

4. With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction and working of a helium-neon laser.

5.
a) Describe the principle of laser action.
b) Explain the characteristics of a laser beam.
c) Mention some important applications of lasers.

6. With the help of suitable diagrams, explain the principle, construction and working of a carbon dioxide laser.

7. Explain the principle behind the functioning of an optical fiber.

8. Derive an expression for acceptance angle for an optical fiber. How it is related to Numerical Aperture?

9. What are different losses in optical fibers? Write brief note on each.

10. Explain the advantages of optical fibers in communication.

11. Distinguish between single mode and multimode step index optical fibers.

12. Draw the block diagram of fiber optic communication system and explain the function of each block.

13. Write a note on the applications of optical fibers.

14. Describe the function of multi mode graded index optical fiber along with its refractive index profile.

15.
a) Describe the fiber construction.
b) What is total internal reflection? Discuss its importance in optical fiber.
 
UNIT-V ELECTROMAGNETISM & MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Define electric susceptibility and polarizability.

2. What is internal field? Give an expression for Clausius-Mosotti relation.

3. Define the terms electric displacement vector and susceptibility.

4. Derive the expression for ionic polarizability in a dielectric material.

5. What is orientation polarization? Derive the expression for orientation polarizability.

6. Explain the terms:
a) Dielectric constant
b) Electric susceptibility and
c) Displacement vector

7. What is Piezo-electricity?

8. Explain Ferro-electricity.

9. A paramagnetic material has magnetic field intensity 2x104 A/m. If the susceptibility of the material is 3.0x10-4 , calculate the flux density.

10. Give differences between soft and hard magnets.

11. Explain the terms:
a) Magnetic induction
b) Magnetic susceptibility

12. Define the terms:
a) Permeability of a medium
b) Intensity of Magnetization

13. Define the terms magnetic induction (B), magnetization (M) and magnetic field (H). Obtain an expression relating to these quantities.

14. Define Gauss Law.

15. Explain Faraday’s Law.

16. Write Maxwell equations in Differential and integral forms.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1.
a) Derive a relation between electronic polarization and electric susceptibility of the dielectric medium.
b )Derive Clausius-Mosotti equation..

2.
a) What is internal field? Describe Lorentz method to calculate the internal field of a cubic structure.
b) Explain briefly Piezoelecctricity and Ferro-electricity..

3.
a) Derive the expressions for electronic polarizability in a dielectric.
b) Explain Piezoelecctricity in dielectrics.

4.
a) Derive Clausius-Mosotti relation in dielectrics..
b) Write a note on Ferro-electricity.

5.
a) Derive an expression for the internal electrical field in dielectrics exposed to a external electric field.
b) Distinguish between piezo and ferroelectric effects.

6.
a) Derive expressions for electronic and ionic polarizations.
b) Describe Lorentz method to calculate the internal field of a dielectric material.

7.
a) Distinguish between Para, Ferro and Ferri magnetic materials.
b) Distinguish between soft and hard magnetic materials.

8.
a) Explain Hysteresis curve based on domain theory.
b) Explain how ferrites are superior to ferromagnetic materials? Discuss hard and soft magnetic materials?.

9. Draw and explain B-H curve for a ferromagnetic material

10.
a) Explain the distinguishing features of ferro, antiferro and ferromagnetic materials.
b) Explain in detail domain theory of Ferromagnetism.

11. Define Gauss law and explain it.

12. State and explain Faraday’s law.

13. Define Maxwell equations and obtain Maxwell equations in integral and differential forms.

14. State and explain continuity equation.

15. What is hysteresis? What is the importance of this curve? Explain
 
UNIT-V ELECTROMAGNETISM & MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1. Define electric susceptibility and polarizability.

2. What is internal field? Give an expression for Clausius-Mosotti relation.

3. Define the terms electric displacement vector and susceptibility.

4. Derive the expression for ionic polarizability in a dielectric material.

5. What is orientation polarization? Derive the expression for orientation polarizability.

6. Explain the terms:
a) Dielectric constant
b) Electric susceptibility and
c) Displacement vector

7. What is Piezo-electricity?

8. Explain Ferro-electricity.

9. A paramagnetic material has magnetic field intensity 2x104 A/m. If the susceptibility of the material is 3.0x10-4 , calculate the flux density.

10. Give differences between soft and hard magnets.

11. Explain the terms:
a) Magnetic induction
b) Magnetic susceptibility

12. Define the terms:
a) Permeability of a medium
b) Intensity of Magnetization

13. Define the terms magnetic induction (B), magnetization (M) and magnetic field (H). Obtain an expression relating to these quantities.

14. Define Gauss Law.

15. Explain Faraday’s Law.

16. Write Maxwell equations in Differential and integral forms.

LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:
1.
a) Derive a relation between electronic polarization and electric susceptibility of the dielectric medium.
b )Derive Clausius-Mosotti equation..

2.
a) What is internal field? Describe Lorentz method to calculate the internal field of a cubic structure.
b) Explain briefly Piezoelecctricity and Ferro-electricity..

3.
a) Derive the expressions for electronic polarizability in a dielectric.
b) Explain Piezoelecctricity in dielectrics.

4.
a) Derive Clausius-Mosotti relation in dielectrics..
b) Write a note on Ferro-electricity.

5.
a) Derive an expression for the internal electrical field in dielectrics exposed to a external electric field.
b) Distinguish between piezo and ferroelectric effects.

6.
a) Derive expressions for electronic and ionic polarizations.
b) Describe Lorentz method to calculate the internal field of a dielectric material.

7.
a) Distinguish between Para, Ferro and Ferri magnetic materials.
b) Distinguish between soft and hard magnetic materials.

8.
a) Explain Hysteresis curve based on domain theory.
b) Explain how ferrites are superior to ferromagnetic materials? Discuss hard and soft magnetic materials?.

9. Draw and explain B-H curve for a ferromagnetic material

10.
a) Explain the distinguishing features of ferro, antiferro and ferromagnetic materials.
b) Explain in detail domain theory of Ferromagnetism.

11. Define Gauss law and explain it.

12. State and explain Faraday’s law.

13. Define Maxwell equations and obtain Maxwell equations in integral and differential forms.

14. State and explain continuity equation.

15. What is hysteresis? What is the importance of this curve? Explain
Rahul bro any update on 4-1,4-2 advance supply results?
 
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